The Mountain Flying Test
Note: This test is based upon the contents of the AOPA video “Mountain Flying”,
and FAA-P-8740-60, “Tips On Mountain Flying.”
- Light aircraft flight planning for flight over mountainous terrain requires much consideration.
You can avoid some hazards in your planning by:
- being sure to use an aircraft with at least 200 horsepower
- delaying your trip when winds at altitude are reported in excess of 20 mph
- planning your route over populated areas and filing a flight plan
- planning to leave your departure airport no later than midday
- You are approaching an abrupt terrain change such as a high ridge or cliff, you should:
- fly around it to where the terrain is more level
- climb to at least 5,000 feet to cross
- climb to at least 10,000 to cross
- plan to approach the ridge at least 2,000 feet above the surface at a 450 angle
- Encountering severe turbulence, your first action should be:
- execute a 1800 turn
- reduce power and adjust pitch
- add power to avoid a stall
- hold the airplane straight and level
- Density altitude in mountainous country can be disastrous for the unwary.
It is essential that the pilot:
- not carry more than half full fuel tanks
- limit flights to cooler days
- be prepared to fly in ground effect
- determine runway point-of-abort on takeoff and not change
- In mountainous country, the horizon is:
- at the base of the mountains
- at the crest of the highest peak
- at the crest of the lowest peak
- as marked on the sectional chart
- Many mountainous airstrips are one-way and do not permit a go-around on landing.
In addition to sharpening your short-field skills before you go and familiarizing yourself
with destination airports (preferably with a local pilot), some experienced mountain pilots say:
- don’t make power-off approaches
- avoid low turns in the pattern and low approaches
- lean a normally aspirated engine for maximum power
- because the horizon can be deceptive, watch your airspeed, altimeter and VSI
Safe techniques requires you to observe…
- 1 and 4
- 1 and 3
- 1, 3, and 4
- 1, 2, 3, and 4
- Mountain waves can extend from 100 miles to as much as 700 miles to the lee of the mountain
and their presence is usually marked by:
- winds blowing along the ridge at 15 knots or more and cumulonimbus clouds
- fractocumulus and moderate turbulence
- low stratus formations with steady light winds
- winds 25 kts or more blowing across a ridge and altocumulus standing lenticular (ACSL) clouds
- One of the most useful radio frequencies to monitor and use in mountainous country is:
- 123.6
- a flight service station through an RCO or VOR site
- Any ATIS
- 122.0
- Surface winds, as well as winds aloft, are critical in mountainous country because of
the conditions they can indicate. Generally accepted maximum limits for experienced pilots are:
- 25 knots reported surface and 35 knots aloft
- winds aloft forecast at mountain top levels greater than 25 knots
- whatever the pilot is comfortable with
- 20 knots reported surface and 20 knots aloft enroute
- Knowledge, planning and skill, as in any flight, are vital to mountainous flying. The most
critical element one can apply is:
- experience
- high number of flight hours logged
- multiple airman ratings
- judgment and setting personal limitations
- Knowledge, planning and skill, as in any flight, are vital to mountainous flying. The
most critical element one can apply is:
- experience
- high number of flight hours logged
- multiple airman ratings
- judgment and setting personal limitations
- Knowledge, planning and skill, as in any flight, are vital to mountainous flying. The
most critical element one can apply is:
- experience
- high number of flight hours logged
- multiple airman ratings
- judgment and setting personal limitations
- Knowledge, planning and skill, as in any flight, are vital to mountainous flying. The
most critical element one can apply is:
- experience
- high number of flight hours logged
- multiple airman ratings
- judgment and setting personal limitations
- Knowledge, planning and skill, as in any flight, are vital to mountainous flying. The
most critical element one can apply is:
- experience
- high number of flight hours logged
- multiple airman ratings
- judgment and setting personal limitations
- Knowledge, planning and skill, as in any flight, are vital to mountainous flying. The
most critical element one can apply is:
- experience
- high number of flight hours logged
- multiple airman ratings
- judgment and setting personal limitations
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